Interrogatives part 2
Interrogatives part 2
Interrogative Words and Phrases requesting answers with numerals. All of them function as nouns so that those can be used with ใฎN/ใฎ.
Those not including ใชใ(except ใชใใใ)
Example and Typical Answer | Day | Note | |
ใใใ | ใใใใฆใใใใ-500ใใใฆใใใ | 3 | |
ใใใค | ใใใณใใใใคใใใพใใใใ -ใใคใค(or 5ใ) ใใใพใใใ /ใใคใค(or 5ใ)ใฆใใใ | ใใใใคใis not a cover word for asking how many. most of the timeใใใใคใ and ใใชใ+counterใare not interchangeable. See below for information on ใใชใใ+counter | |
ใใจใใจใใใฏใใใใค/ใชใใใ/ใใใใคใฆใ ใใใ | ใใใใคใand ใใชใใใใ are neutral in politeness | ||
ใชใใใ | -27ใใใฆใใใ | 7 | |
ใใใใค | 7 | polite expression, only for age | |
ใจใใฎใใใ/ใจใใฎ ใใใใ | ใใใใใ ใใใใพใฆใใจใใฎใใใใใใใพใใใ 15ใตใใใใใฆใใใ/480ใใใฆใใใ | 17 | ใใจใใฎใใใใใใใพใใใis used for asking duration of time or cost. In answering with a neutral answer you should use ใใฆใใใ. |
1ใใใใใฏใใใใใใใใพใใ/2500ๅใใใ ใใใใพใใ |
Expressions of ใชใ+counter/ใชใ+N(always ใชใ, not ใชใซ)
ใใชใ+counterใ= how many Ns ใชใใ(D46 ) / ใชใใซใ(D10) / ใชใใพใ(D14) / ใชใใใใ(D14) / ใชใใปใใ(D21) / ใชใใใค(D24) / ใชใใใใ(D47) |
Expressions when you ask a point of time more specifically (D5~D7). ใชใใญใ / ใชใใใใค / ใชใใซใก / ใชใใใใฒใ / ใชใใใ/ใชใใตใใ (ใใชใใญใใชใใใใคใ,ใใชใใใใคใชใใซใกใ, ใใชใใใใชใใตใใใ etc. are also possible) |
Similarly, when you ask duration of time, the following expressions are used (D17). |
Remarks for further study
1) Politeness is a very important aspect of the Japanese language. Whether polite expressions are necessary or not depends on both superior/inferior relation and familiarity. For example,ใใใจใใจใin the case that the hearer's adult younger brother, the important factor is the familiarity between the speaker and the hearer. When these two persons are familiar, then ใใใใค / ใชใใใใ is preferred, while when those are in unfamiliar relation,ใใใใใคใ is preferred. Which one between the speaker and the brother is actually older does not matter. The same principle applies to the case of asking the age of the hearer's parents or grandparents. |
2) ใใจใใฎใใใ/ใใใใใ is used for asking an approximate rather than the exact number. But the exact number can be used for the answer without ใใใใ / ใใใใใ. Sometimes ใใกใใใจใใis added like ใใกใใใจใ3000ใใใฆใใใasใใกใใใจใใis roughly equivalent to English "just" that is why ใใกใใใจใ2318ใใใฆใใใ is odd in most cases. |
3) ใใใใ/ใใใใใcan be added to almost all expressions in this section. |
Non-nominal interrogative words
Example and typical answer | Day | note | |
ใจใใใใฆ | ใจใใใใฆใซใปใใธใใ ใใใใใใพใใใ -ใซใปใใตใใใใใใใใใใ ใใใใใฃใใใใฆใใใ | 12 | Used for asking cause or purpose. We study ใใใใฆใใใ in Day34 |
ใจใใใฆใใใ | ใจใใใใใฎใฆใใใฏใจใใใฆใใใใ-ใใใฆใใใ | 8 |
Other Expressions with Interrogative Words and Phrases
1) Interrogatives with ใใใ |
A) Interrogatives with ใใใare used for the total negation, like inใใชใซใใใธใใพใใใmeaning "I eat nothing /I do not eat anything" (in Day 4/6). Only interrogatives listed in "interrogatives part 1" (exceptใใใคใ), and ใใจใใใใฆใhave this usage. |
B) When ใใใis added to the interrogatives asking quantity, ใใใใคใ andใใชใ+counterใand ones asking duration of time such as ใใชใใใใใคใ many/much is implied. Such as ใใชใใใใใใใฑใใผใ ใใใพใใใ"I played a game (on the PC or cell phone) for many hours."(Day 30) This expression is used in positive sentences. |
2) Interrogatives with ใใฆใใใ |
ใใใคใใ is "always" or "usually", while ใใใคใฆใใใ(D24) is "at any time" like ใใฟใใชใใพใใใใใคใฆใใใใใผใใฃใใฏใใใใใใจใใ ใฆใใใพใใใ. This expression can be used with all the interrogatives but only in positive sentences. ใใใฎใฟใใฎใทใใงใฉใผ ใ (gelato) ใฏใชใซใใใ (flavour) ใฆใใใจใฆใใใใใใฆใใใใ(Case particles are placed before ใใฆใใใ, if necessary.) |
2) Interrogatives with ใใใ |
This expression is used for indicating indefinite situation like English "someone" or "somewhere".(Day 20) ใใชใซใใใธใใพใใใใ"Would you like something to eat?"
ใใใshould be placed immediately after the interrogative word such as ใใใใใใฎใปใใ"a book of someone" |
You can download this cheat sheet here,